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earnings – the total amount of profits that a company realizes after all costs of sales, operating expenses and taxes have been paid with revenues. Earnings are the single most important measure of the company's expected future dividends and its potential for growth, and therefore, the market rewards both stable and fast earnings growth. Many successful companies report negative earnings during their initial stages because of heavy investments that will provide high levels of profitability in the future. Also called profits or net income.

economic risk – the risk that a business will not generate sufficient revenues to cover operating costs and to repay debt obligations.

equity – a company's total assets minus its total liabilities. It signifies owner's financial interest in a company – the amount of money that the owners would be able to keep if the company were sold at market value after paying all its liabilities.

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